In 2000 the population of Wagoner was 57,491. By 2010 the population had increased to 73,085 - a 27.1% increase.

Wagoner county has several archaeological sites that suggest prehistoric inhabitation. The Caddoan Mound Builders (A.D. 300 to 1200) are the most prolific. A late occupation, the Norman Site, lies just east of Wagoner in the present Taylor Ferry vicinity. In the 1930s University of Oklahoma archaeologists excavated there and determined it to be a sociopolitical center from around A.D. 1200 to 1400.