Information about Vaccines for Children, Adolescents, and Adults

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	email \| print Information about Vaccines for Children, Adolescents, and Adults This section contains information to help people of all ages make informed decisions about vaccinations. Parents - Celebrate National Infant Immunization Week Learn what vaccines your baby, child, or adolescent needs (CDC web site) Create a schedule for your child (CDC web site) Learn about paying for vaccines (CDC web site) Lean abut evaluating vaccine information on the web (National Network for Immunization Information web site) Helpful Vaccine Information Vaccines Required for School in Oklahoma Vaccines Required for Childcare in Oklahoma Where to Get Immunizations in Oklahoma County Health Departments (Okla. State Dept. of Health web site) Oklahoma Caring Foundation web site Who Needs Vaccines and When OK BY ONE Schedule (162k.pdf) Vaccinate Your Baby (Every Child by Two web site) Personalized Childhood Immunization Schedule (CDC web site) On Time Immunization Matters, Especially for Babies 5 Tips to Make Sure Your Baby Gets the Right Immunization at the Right Time Vaccine Side Effects Vaccine Safety Facts for Parents about Vaccine Safety - English version (American Academy of Pediatrics web site) Facts for Parents about Vaccine Safety - Spanish version (American Academy of Pediatrics web site) A Parent’s Decision on Immunization: Making the Right Choice (Journal of Pediatrics) Why so Many Vaccines at Once? Why Vaccinating is so Important PKIDS Online (Parents of Kids with Infectious Diseases (PKIDS) web site) Sound Advice (American Academy of Pediatrics web site) Listen to Former First Lady Rosalynn Carter, pediatricians, other parents, and researchers talk about why vaccines are important for children and answer other questions. How Vaccines Work (The History of Vaccines web site) How Vaccines are Made (The History of Vaccines web site) Play this Game with Your Kids (The History of Vaccines web site) Whatever Happened to Polio? (Smithsonian National Museum of American History web site) Where to Find More Information Before Vaccines Smithsonian National Museum of American History web site. Who Needs Vaccines and When Vaccines for Babies Birth through 12 Months OK BY ONE Schedule (162k.pdf) Vaccines for Toddlers Age 1-2 Vaccines for Children Ages 4 to 6 Vaccines for Adolescents Age 11-12 Vaccines for All Adults Vaccines for Pregnant Women Vaccines for Adults Age 50 and Older Vaccines for Adults Age 65 Older Detailed information on vaccines for parents: Parent's Guide to Childhood Immunizations (CDC web site) Flu Vaccine for the 2011-12 Season The Flu: A Guide for Parents Vaccines for Babies Birth through 12 Months Babies need a series of shots or immunizations beginning with hepatitis B vaccine (57.2k.pdf) before they leave the hospital. In the first six months of life babies need: 3 doses of DTaP (51.1k.pdf) shots to protect against diphtheria, tetanus (lockjaw), and pertussis (whooping cough) 3 doses of IPV (56.8k.pdf) (inactivated polio vaccine) shots to protect against polio 3 doses of Rotavirus vaccine drops to protect against rotavirus disease (vomiting, diarrhea and dehydration) 3 doses of PCV (56.9k.pdf) (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine) to protect against meningitis and blood infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria 2 or 3 doses of Hib (57.1k.pdf) (Haemophilus influenzae type B) shots to protect against disease caused by the Hib bacterium such as meningitis 3 doses of Hepatitis B vaccine (57.2k.pdf) to protect against liver disease caused by hepatitis B virus, including the dose given at birth This doesn't mean your baby will need shots for each dose, because combination vaccines can be used. Baby shots are usually given at the baby’s regular check-ups at 2, 4, and 6 months, but they can be started anytime. If your baby is six months or older he or she needs influenza vaccine during the flu season which is usually October through March. Back to the Top On-Time Immunization Matters, Especially for Babies It is important for babies to stay on schedule with immunizations, because they are not protected from the diseases until they have their shots. The OK BY ONE Schedule (162k.pdf) is a simplified schedule to complete the infant immunizations in just 4 visits and it is easy to remember! All you have to remember is that your baby needs shots at 2,4, 6, and 12 months of age. Make A Schedule for Your Child (CDC web site) is a program that lets you make a personal schedule based on your baby's birth date and lists the actual calendar dates when your baby is due for shots. 5 Tips to Make Sure Your Baby Gets the Right Immunization at the Right Time Every time your baby gets an immunization, always book the appointment for the next immunization if you can - even if it's months away. As soon as you know the date of your baby's next immunization appointment, write it on your calendar. Ask you doctor or nurse for a State of Oklahoma Official Vaccination Record to make it easy to keep track of all the vaccines your baby has had so far. Take your baby's record with you every time so that your doctor or nurse can keep it up-to-date. Keep your baby's vaccination record in a safe place. You may need it later on if you change doctors, move to another state, and to enroll your child in daycare or school. Back to the Top Vaccines for Toddlers Age 1 to 2 When your baby reaches one year of age, he or she needs MMR vaccine (62.1k.pdf) 1st dose to protect against measles, mumps, and rubella (German measles) which can cause pneumonia, encephalitis, deafness, blindness, and mental retardation Varicella vaccine (49.1k.pdf) 1st dose to protect against chickenpox DTaP (51.1k.pdf) (diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis vaccine) 4th dose PCV (56.9k.pdf) (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine) 4th dose Hib (57.1k.pdf) (Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine) 3rd or 4th dose Hepatitis A vaccine (49.1k.pdf) to protect against liver disease caused by the hepatitis A virus- 1st dose At 18 months, your toddler can receive the 2nd dose of Hepatitis A vaccine. The 2nd dose is due 6 to 18 months after the 1st dose. Make sure your toddler completes his or her immunizations before age two so they have the best protection. Don’t worry if your child is behind on shots, he or she can get back on schedule and catch up. Ask your doctor or clinic to make sure you have a complete record. If you have any questions or concerns about vaccines ask your doctor or visit one of the web sites listed in “Where To Find More Information” below. Vaccines for Children Ages 4 to 6 DTaP (51.1k.pdf) and Polio (56.8k.pdf) boosters and second doses of MMR (62.1k.pdf) and Varicella (chickenpox) are due at age 4 to 6 years or before starting kindergarten. These boosters can be given as early as 4 years of age. Remember August is the busiest month of the year for clinics that give immunizations, but, you don’t have to wait until July or August to get these boosters. Your child can receive these boosters anytime after the 4th birthday. If your child is behind on shots, it’s not too late; he or she can get back on schedule and catch up. Back to the Top Vaccines for Adolescents Age 11-12 ( 511.6k.pdf) Tdap A booster dose for protection against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (whooping cough). By the time children reach 11 to 12 years of age immunity to tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis has started to wane. MCV (Meningococcal conjugate vaccine) HPV vaccine (Human papillomavirus vaccine 959k.pdf) to protect against the virus that causes 70% of cervical cancer in women and . HPV information in Spanish (898.k.pdf). Back to the Top Vaccines for All Adults Adults don't like to think about it, but they need immunizations too. Immunity to tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (whooping cough) wanes over time and other vaccines are needed based on age and activities. Td (tetanus (122.8k.pdf) and diphtheria (129.3k.pdf)) booster is recommended for all adults every 10 years. Tdap One dose of Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, acellular pertussis) substituted for one dose of Td, is recommended for all adults up through 64 years of age. Hepatitis B(110k.pdf) vaccine is recommended for adults at risk. MMR (measles (71k.pdf), mumps (69.8k.pdf), rubella (71.2k.pdf)) vaccine for adults who have never had these diseases. Some adults born after 1956 may not be immune to these diseases because the vaccines were not required when they entered school and the diseases were not circulating as widely because vaccines were coming into use. Varicella (chickenpox) vaccine for adults who have never had chickenpox. Vaccines for Pregnant Women Pregnant women need vaccines for two reasons Protect themselves and to Protect the baby. Influenza vaccination is recommended for all women who will be pregnant during influenza season which usually runs from November through March in the United States. Women in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy are at greater risk for hospitalization from influenza . To prevent tetanus in newborns, pregnant women should receive Td (tetanus and diphtheria) vaccine if it is needed. Women should talk to their doctors about this. Pregnant women and adolescents who have not received the new vaccine for the prevention of tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (Tdap) should talk to their doctors about receiving it right after delivery. Vaccinating a new mother against pertussis (whooping cough) reduces the risk to her infant too. It is safe for a woman to receive vaccines right after giving birth, even while breast feeding. Information sheet for pregnant women Back to the top Vaccines for Adults Age 50 and Older Adults 50 years of age and older are at high risk for complications form influenza. Influenza vaccine is recommended yearly. Vaccines for Adults Age 65 and Older Pneumococcal (89k.pdf) polysaccharide vaccine (PPV) Shingles (100k.pdf) (Herpes zoster) vaccine Back to the Top Where to Get Immunizations in Oklahoma Children and adolescents with health insurance are strongly encouraged to visit their regular doctor to obtain vaccinations. Children and adolescents can receive vaccines from: Their regular doctor, Any county health department in the state, and Other public clinics such as Indian Health Service and tribal clinics and community health centers. Adults can receive vaccines from their regular doctor. County health departments also offer MMR, Td, Tdap, influenza, and pneumococcal vaccine to adults. Oklahoma's Immunization Requirements Two laws established vaccine requirements in Oklahoma: The Child Care Facilities Licensing Act, Title 10, Oklahoma Statutes, Sections 411-415 - for children attending childcare facilities The Immunization Act of the Oklahoma School Code (10.2k.pdf) Title 70, Oklahoma Statutes, Sections 1210.191 – 1210.193 for children attending elementary, middle, and high school both public and private schools and Sections 3243 & 3244 for students in college or post-secondary educational institutions. The regulations for enforcing the laws for childcare, preschool, elementary, middle and high school are established by the Oklahoma State Board of Health. Requirements for Children Attending Childcare (66.5k.pdf) Guide to Immunization Requirements in Oklahoma 2011-2012 School Year (53k.pdf) Implementation of the requirements for colleges or post-secondary schools is the responsibility of the governing bodies or board of regents for each public or private post-secondary institution. Requirements for Students in Post-Secondary Schools (7k.pdf) Back to the Top Vaccine Side Effects Although vaccines are very safe, they do sometimes cause reactions or side effects. Most of the time the side effects are mild such as soreness or redness where the shot was given or a low-grade fever. These reactions usually last only a day or two. Vaccine Safety Information Vaccine safety is important to all of us and we all have a part in ensuring vaccine safety, including parents, vaccine recipients, doctors, nurses, medical assistants, government agencies, vaccine manufacturers, and the local and national community. Parents and Vaccine Recipients Responsibilities to Ensure Vaccine Safety Read the Vaccine Information Statements Ask questions so you understand the risks of the diseases and the benefits and risks of the vaccines. Take the Vaccine Information Statements home with you; You will have them for reference if you need to know what vaccine side effects to expect and what side effects need immediate medical attention. Keep a personal record of vaccines that you and your children have received. Take these records with you to all health-care visits to ensure that you and your children are kept up-to-date on vaccines and so you or your child do not get extra doses of vaccine. Report severe or unusual reactions to vaccines to your health care provider. These reactions will be reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System which is a nationwide system for tracking adverse events following immunizations. The system will work only if reactions are reported. Making decisions about vaccination based on reliable information can seriously effect your child's life, your life, and the lives of many other people in your community. Use web sites that comply with good information practices for vaccine safety web sites. The World Health Organization (WHO) publishes a list of the sites that comply with good information practices. The following sites located in the United States are on the WHO list of web sites that comply with good information practices: Vaccine Education Center (Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia web site) Institute for Vaccine Safety (Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health web site) National Network for Immunization Information (NNii web site) Childhood Immunization Support Program (American Academy of Pediatrics web site) PATH's Vaccine Resource Library (Program for Appropriate Technology in Health web site) The entire list may be found at the WHO web site: Vaccine Safety Net Vaccine Safety Issues and Resources The Road to Safe and Effective Vaccines (Program for Appropriate Technology in Health - PATH web site) Information About Vaccines and Autism Information About Thimerosal and Vaccines Concerns About Vaccine Safety Thimerosal Questions and Answers Where to Find More Information How Vaccines Work (Children's Hospital of Philadelphia web site) Immunization Action Coalition Vaccine Education Center - Children's Hospital of Philadelphia National Network for Immunization Information (NNii web site) Childhood Immunization Support Program (American Academy of Pediatrics web site) PATH's Vaccine Resource Library Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Parents Vaccines Web Page National Institute of Allergies and Infectious Diseases web site Vaccines How and Why (National Health Museum web site) Back to the Top	Did You Know? HPV (human papillomavirus) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States. It is estimated that more than 50% of sexually active persons become infected at least once in their lifetime. The HPV vaccine protects against some types of HPV. The 3 Teen Vaccines: MCV, Tdap, & HPV MCV protects against 4 types of bacteria that cause meningitis and its complications; Tdap is a booster dose for tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (whooping cough); HPV vaccine protects against 2 types of human papillomavirus that cause 70% of cervical cancer in women. Q: Where can I find a copy of my child's shot record? A: You can find a record at the clinic or doctor's office where your child received the shots. If that doesn't work here are some more options. Q: Why should we immunize against diseases we rarely see? A: We need to immunize against diseases we rarely see because they still occur in other parts of the world and if we stop vaccinating the diseases will come back. Q: Will my child have any side effects from vaccines? A: Most children have no side effects after receiving vaccines, however, some side effects are considered normal, such as mild pain, redness and swelling at the site where the shot is given. However, vaccines like any medicine can cause serious problems such as allergic reactions, although these are very rare. Q: Is it safe for my baby to receive all of these vaccines at one time? A: Yes, babies' immune systems can handle much more than they are exposed to with several vaccinations on the same day. Q: What if we get behind on the schedule? A: You do not have to start over. Simply make an appointment and pick up the schedule where you left off. Q: Can I take my child to any County Health Department to get their vaccinations? A: Yes, you can take your child to any County Health Department in Oklahoma to get their vaccinations. If your child has health insurance that covers the cost of vaccines, we recommend they receive their vaccines from your regular doctor or clinic. However, if your health insurance does not cover the cost of a particular vaccine, the child may receive that vaccine from a County Health Department. Q: What vaccines do adults need? A: To find out which vaccines you need refer to the Lifetime Vaccination Schedule (50k.pdf)or take this quiz at the CDC web site. Currently, all vaccines in the routine infant immunization schedule are manufactured without thimerosal as a preservative. As of January 14, 2003, the final lots of vaccines containing thimerosal as a preservative expired. There is no scientific evidence that thimerosal caused any harm to infants.

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